As pet owners, we often focus on nutrition, exercise, and grooming to ensure our cats and dogs are healthy and happy. However, one essential aspect of their overall well-being that is sometimes overlooked is dental health.
Dental problems can lead to more than just bad breath; they can cause significant pain, affect your pet’s eating habits, and lead to serious systemic issues like infections. Regular dental care is vital to maintaining your pet’s quality of life and to reducing potential for a big future surgery bill too!
Common Dental Issues in Cats and Dogs
Just like humans, cats and dogs are prone to dental issues if their oral hygiene isn’t properly maintained. While some dental problems are shared between species, others are specific to either cats or dogs.
Tartar and Plaque
Both cats and dogs can develop tartar and plaque on their teeth. Plaque forms when food particles and bacteria accumulate on the tooth surface. Over time, if not cleaned, it hardens into tartar, which can lead to gum irritation and infection
Studies show that more than 80% of dogs over three years old suffer from some form of periodontal disease, making regular cleaning essential .
Gingivitis and Periodontal Disease
Gingivitis, or inflammation of the gums, is a common issue in both species when plaque is not removed. Untreated gingivitis can lead to periodontal disease, where the structures supporting the teeth become inflamed and infected
Periodontal disease is not just a dental issue—it can lead to infections that spread to vital organs, such as the heart and kidneys
Species-Specific Issues
For Dogs
A common issue is **fractured teeth**, often caused by chewing on hard objects like bones or overly tough toys. These fractures can expose the pulp, leading to infections
For Cats
One unique and serious dental problem is Feline Odontoclastic Resorptive Lesions (FORL). FORL affects more than 30% of cats and involves the breakdown of the tooth structure, leading to painful lesions and eventual tooth loss.
Signs of Dental Problems for Cats and Dogs
General Signs
While cats and dogs may suffer from similar dental problems, the signs can vary between species. Both cats and dogs may show general signs such as:
- Bad breath: Persistent bad breath is often a key sign of underlying dental issues
- Reluctance to eat or chew: Pets with dental pain may be less interested in their food, especially dry or hard kibble.
- Drooling: Excessive drooling may indicate discomfort in the mouth
- Bleeding gums: Gums that bleed easily or appear red and swollen can be a sign of gingivitis or infection.
Species-Specific Signs
For Dogs
You may notice dogs avoiding their favorite chew toys or showing discomfort when chewing hard objects.
For Cats
Cats are more likely to paw at their mouths or stop eating dry food altogether when they have dental pain. They may also develop visible lesions or ulcers in their mouths due to conditions like FORL.
Daily Dental Care for Cats and Dogs
Preventing dental problems before they start is the best approach. Fortunately, many tools and techniques can help maintain your pet’s oral health.
Brushing
The most effective way to prevent plaque and tartar buildup is to brush your pet’s teeth. Use a pet-specific toothbrush and toothpaste—human products can be toxic to pets.
Start slowly, allowing your cat or dog to get used to the sensation. Over time, regular brushing (ideally daily or at least 2-3 times per week) can make a significant difference).
In addition to brushing, you can use dental care products such as:
Toys and Dental Treats
These can help dogs clean their teeth while chewing, which reduces tartar and plaque. Cats may not be as fond of chewing, but dental treats designed for them can also help.
Dental Gels and Rinses
For pets that are resistant to brushing, gels and rinses are alternative methods to help control plaque buildup and freshen their breath.
Dietary Considerations
Diet plays a role in dental health. Feeding dry kibble may help reduce plaque compared to soft, sticky foods, especially for dogs. However, always consult your veterinarian to ensure your pet’s diet supports their overall health.
Regular Vet Check-ups
Even with the best home care, regular veterinary check-ups are critical for maintaining your pet’s dental health. Both cats and dogs should have an annual oral examination, where your vet can check for signs of gum disease, tooth decay, or other oral health problems.
Professional cleanings under anesthesia may be necessary to remove tartar from beneath the gumline, where home brushing can’t reach.
Dental Health at Different Life Stages for Cats and Dogs
Kittens and Puppies
Starting dental care early is key. For puppies and kittens, gently introducing brushing and getting them used to dental products can set them up for a lifetime of good dental habits.
Adult Pets
For adult pets, maintaining regular brushing and monitoring for any signs of dental issues is essential. Dental treats and chews can supplement the care you’re providing at home.
Senior Pets
Older pets are more prone to dental issues, including tooth loss and advanced periodontal disease. They may require more frequent vet visits and possibly dental cleanings to prevent serious complications.
Maintaining your cat or dog’s dental health is not only about preventing bad breath—it’s about ensuring their long-term well-being. By incorporating regular dental care into your routine, you can help your pet live a happier, healthier life with fewer dental problems down the road. Consistent care leads to fewer vet visits, less pain for your pet, and a higher quality of life overall. However, it’s important to remember that some veterinary practices, like our closest partner EVAH, have long wait times—up to a year—for dental surgeries. Regular maintenance and early intervention can help avoid the need for such procedures.
